GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION FOR ADAPTIVE CONSERVATION AND SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE
Keywords:
Adaptive Conservation, Conservation Network Construction, Green Infrastructure, Ecosystem Services.Abstract
Protected areas remain crucial for biodiversity protection, but their size and designation status are not sufficient indicators of conservation success. This article examines how spatial prioritization, green infrastructure, ecosystem services, ecological connectivity, uncertainty, and governance can be reconciled in the design of adaptive conservation networks. The review uses a structured critical narrative approach, drawing on the anchor article by Lanzas et al. (2019) and 96 bibliographic records in a single Scopus export. Records were assessed based on thematic relevance and available bibliographic information and abstracts; the procedure is not considered a systematic review or meta-analysis. The synthesis highlights fundamental differences between priority site identification, ecological benefit modeling, policy implementation, and the verification of conservation outcomes. Multiobjective optimization approaches clarify the trade-offs between targets and costs, while modeling connectivity and land-use dynamics exposes the vulnerability of static designs. However, estimates of ecosystem services do not always represent benefits received by society, and increases in spatial indices cannot be treated as evidence of species population change. This article develops an operational framework linking conservation objectives, evidence-based mapping, portfolio selection, implementation agreements, monitoring, and decision revision. This framework represents a conceptual synthesis that still requires empirical evaluation within specific institutional and landscape contexts. Strengthening adaptive conservation, in particular, requires validated ecological indicators, traceable benefit distribution, and iterative learning mechanisms.
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